On March 31, 2017,NASA released findings of half a century of research. In 1967, Hannes Alfven presented the MHD theory of tornadoes. The theory was published independently again in 1989, with a mathematical model produced by a third entity in 2008.
NASA discovered the Birkeland the same year as Alfven's presentation before he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1970. After 50 years of intensive research, we now know that the Alfven wave is responsible for transporting energy through plasma of space and creating the baroclinic mechanism of the Biermann Battery, which creates helicity in the emptiness of space.
These processes create magnetic vortices throughout the universe.
